| 9 / 30 | Communication Display Receiving Error | - Poor connection of green communication wire. - Controller 5V circuit shorted. - Display communication circuit failure. - Controller communication circuit failure. | 1. Ensure the communication cable between display and controller is well connected.
2. Connect only the display, controller, motor, and battery. Disconnect all other components (such as pedal sensor, throttle) to isolate any shorted accessory.
3. Replace the display if the internal circuit is damaged.
4. Replace the controller if communication does not recover. |
| 21 | Current Error or MOS Damaged | - Controller detects high current during self-test. - Phase or power line short circuit. | 1. Check controller/motor phase wires for shorts or loose connections.
2. Replace the controller if the error persists. |
| 22 | Throttle Error | - Detected throttle voltage > 1.25V at startup. - Throttle signal voltage > 4.5V. - Possible variation depending on controller type. - Ground wire disconnected. | 1. Replace the throttle if damaged.
2. Replace the controller if throttle signal detection circuit fails.
3. Check and ensure throttle ground wire is properly connected. |
| 23 | Motor Phase Missing | - Motor phase wire disconnected. - Controller failure. - Motor failure. | 1. Check the phase line connection between controller and motor.
2. Replace the controller if issue continues.
3. Replace the motor if damaged. |
| 24 | Hall Sensor Error | - Incorrect Hall sensor signal order during drive input. - Loose connection between controller and motor. - Motor Hall sensor damaged. - Controller Hall detection circuit or ground line fault. | 1. Ensure proper terminal connection between motor and controller.
2. Replace motor if the Hall sensor is defective.
3. Replace controller if the Hall detection circuit is faulty. |
| 25 | Brake Error | - Continuous low brake signal detected for over 1 minute. - Faulty brake lever or shorted brake cable. - Controller brake detection circuit failure. | 1. Replace the brake lever if faulty.
2. Replace or repair the brake cable if shorted.
3. Replace the controller if brake detection circuit is defective. |
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